TY  -  JOUR
AU  -  Rossi, Rodolfo
AU  -  Socci, Valentina
AU  -  D’Aurizio, Giulia
AU  -  Pacitti, Francesca
AU  -  Jannini, Tommaso B.
AU  -  Federico, Isabella
AU  -  Reda, Flaminia
AU  -  Di Stefano, Ramona
AU  -  Rossi, Alessandro
AU  -  Di Lorenzo, Giorgio
T1  -  Psychotic-like experiences associated with ICD-11 PTSD 
and cPTSD in a cohort of Italian late adolescents
PY  -  2023
Y1  -  2023-05-01
DO  -  10.1708/4056.40383
JO  -  Rivista di Psichiatria
JA  -  Riv Psichiatr
VL  -  58
IS  -  3
SP  -  123
EP  -  128
PB  -  Il Pensiero Scientifico Editore
SN  -  2038-2502
Y2  -  2026/05/06
UR  -  http://dx.doi.org/10.1708/4056.40383
N2  -  Summary. Introduction. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD (cPTSD) are two sibling stress-related disorders. Evidence suggests a worse clinical picture associated with cPTSD in terms of comorbidities and outcomes. However, little is known about the association between cPTSD and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs). In this study, we aim to explore differences in PLEs in a sample of 1010 late adolescents with PTSD and cPTSD symptoms. Methods. A sample of 1010 late-adolescents and young adults attending the last year of high school was selected. PLEs were assessed using the 16-items Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16), PTSD and cPTSD were assessed using the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ). Results. 999 (501 males, 50.15% and 498 females, 49.85%) subjects had complete data on the selected variables. Of these, 91 (9.11%) and 40 (4.00%) screened positive for PTSD and cPTSD, respectively. Mean number of PLEs endorsed in subjects with PTSD, cPTSD and control groups were 7.02 (sd=2.99), 8.17 (sd=3.70) and 4.49 (sd=2.93), respectively. Mean PQ-16 distress score was 5.08 (sd=4.6) in subjects not endorsing PTSD/cPTSD, 10.11 (sd=6.17) in PTSD and 14.51 (sd=9.1) in cPTSD subjects. A linear regression analysis revealed a significant association between PTSD/cPTSD and PLEs scores (respectively, b=4.91 [3.73, 6.10] and b=10.05 [8.40, 11.70]). Such associations were reduced after adjustment for depression, anxiety and dissociation. Discussion and conclusions. Our results find higher rates of PLEs in late adolescents screening positive for cPTSD and PTSD compared to negative subjects. Furthermore, cPTSD could be more specifically associated with distressing PLEs. These findings add to the vast literature of a worse psychopathological picture associated with cPTSD compared to PTSD, emphasizing the need for a separation between PTSD and cPTSD in terms of diagnosis and possibly treatment.
ER  -